Recovery Revenue

The Covid-19 pandemic saw a crash in the world’s economy as we experienced consistent lockdowns.

Mining played a vital role in supporting the economy through the global pandemic, helping lead Australia into recovery.

For the first time the mining industry exceeded $300 billion in export revenue in 2020-21.

Let’s explore the economic impacts of mining.

How Does It All Help The Economy?

Employment-Driven

Money from mining is available to people in cities or rural communities and regional areas, with opportunities to help everyone across Australia. Mining companies create jobs, raise community funding, and increase wages in smaller towns or regions that have projects to be completed in. 

As a result of mining activities, governments generate multibillion-dollar revenue from taxes and royalties. From 2010 to 2020, the resource industry has paid $239 billion in royalties and taxes. Mining supports areas outside of urban centres by providing more opportunities for employment and expenditure in their local economy.

Additionally, better economic activity and employment prospects are brought to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities – as approximately 60% of mining projects are operated in these remote populations. Overall economic growth is dependent on the resources extracted and the methods of mining carried out to retrieve desired minerals. 

To learn more, KJ’s has provided An Introduction to the 4 Main Methods of Mining.

Community Management & Infrastructure Support

Before a mining project can begin, a key part of the development process is assessing the potential impacts after the operation has been finished. For example, the boom and bust cycles of housing availability before and after a project’s duration. In Queensland, mining companies will undertake a Social Impact Assessment. 

The social impacts of a project are the direct and indirect impacts that affect people and their communities during all stages of the project lifecycle. So, each impact is planned out through risk management strategies to mitigate any consequences on the long-term scope of the local community. 

To economically support the surrounding communities of mine sites, companies will contribute to non-profits, procurement strategies, and local sponsorships. The resource sector has a responsibility to support operating communities they work in by prioritising engagement and building partnerships with local businesses.

By doing this, many companies invest into providing better infrastructure in the future, targeting local purchasing and expenditure in regional areas. 

Sustainable Mining Practices

The Australian mining industry is a leader in sustainability and technological advances, with modern machines and drones already being implemented into mines around the nation. Environmental and safety legislations that have been incorporated into the industry began to set new global standards for mining operations.

The advancements currently being made in Australia is reforming the global mining industry. It is expected that the future of the Australian mining industry will continue to grow, forging new global standards for resource extraction methods everywhere.

Find out more on The Sustainability of Mining – A Guide to Future Success.

The Future of Mining in Australia

While there is still so much that is unknown about the future of the mining industry there are some things we do know. The mining industry will always be an important part of the Australian economy.

By carrying out more major projects it will bring increased populations to the regional areas of the country – positively impacting the employment structure, community management and sustainable output. More opportunities for younger demographics to earn higher wages will increase with jobs ranging from technical trades in the mine to environmental workers overseeing the sites. 

KJ’s Mining has an extensive range of capabilities – specialising in providing quality labour-hire services for large scale operations across North Queensland. 

For any questions about mining, feel free to contact our team today on 0447 005 708.

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Understanding Mining

Mining is the backbone of the economy – as valuable resources and geological materials are sourced from the earth. These resources cannot be fabricated or grown artificially, emphasising the need for mining to non-renewables such as fossil fuels and water.

The value that mining creates extends further than the extraction of minerals, as the miners themselves create economic value. This occurs through the establishment and integration of mining communities where people earn incomes providing goods and services in these towns, which creates revenue and allows infrastructure like schools, hospitals and more to be built. 

The extraction method is dependent on various factors, these include:

• The resource being targeted for extraction
• If the deposits location is above or below the earth’s surface
• The capacity of each method to profitably extract the resource
• Degrees of safety
• Potential impacts on the surrounding environment

So, let’s understand each method.

#1 - Underground Mining

Mining underground is the method used to get access to deposits deeper in the Earth’s surface, which involves the creation of shafts and tunnels to reach the targeted resources. A relatively costly method, typically focused on mining buried ore that is brought to the surface to be processed, while waste rock is removed for disposal. Underground Mining is categorised based on the shafts used, extraction technique, and depositing process. 

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Surface Mining

Surface mining involves the removal of soil, rock, and plant life that are covering mineral deposits. It is the opposite of underground mining, as shafts and tunnels are not required to extract resources.

Also, it is considered to be the safer option because water piping and electricity rigging are not necessary. Mining companies prefer surface mining methods as it is more cost effective to remove the terrain surface instead of developing shafts and tunnels.

Surface Mining Extraction

Most of the world’s solid minerals are accounted for through surface mining methods, such as coal, iron, copper, aluminum and more. Surface mining soared in popularity for mining companies since the 20th century began, particularly in North America – where most surface mining takes place. 

Surface mining methods require heavy equipment and earthmovers to remove overburdens, from there the excavators will extract the minerals. KJ’s has the capacity to supply all kinds of operators and excavators across North Queensland – along with appropriate training for each type.

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Surface Mining Methods

There are 5 main types of surface mining, which have specific uses:

Open-pit Mining

The most frequent surface mining method – Open-pit mining involves forming open pits from digging in the ground using drilling, explosives and other methods to extract desired materials.

Open-pit mines operate until the targeted mineral is depleted or becomes profitable no more, often resulting in mine sites  being modified to become landfill. Water management systems are mandatory in order to alleviate risks of collapse and flooding of active mines.

Strip Mining

Commonly used to extract shallow deposits, when mineral layers are covered by layers of soft topsoil and weathered rocks. These layers of earth are then stripped by industrial shovels or a dragline to extract the deposits – these mostly being  clays, coal, tar, and phosphates.

Mountaintop Removal Mining

Mountaintop mining is a recent, alternative method of strip mining that involves the removal of coal seams from the top of steep mountains in order to expose the target deposits below.

This method is most commonly used for the more confined coal mining projects in the Appalachian regions of the United States. Non-targeted deposits excavated from the mountaintop are deposited in nearby low valley areas known as “valley fills”.

Dredging

Dredging is a surface mining method that mines materials underwater. The purpose is to use small dredges to collect mined materials to then be disposed of at a different location. This surface mining method is also undertaken for environmental remediation, navigation, flood control and much more. 

High Wall Mining

Combining subsurface and surface mining techniques, Highwall mining is done to recoup additional minerals that are adjacent to a surface mining area. It starts by creating an open-pit mine – then drilling deeper into the walls to extract a higher volume of the targeted resources.

To perform this method safely, continuous mining machines are operated remotely by workers on the surface or in a nearby cabin, who transport cut coal back out to the surface.

If you have any questions about mining techniques or have an upcoming mining project, contact us or call our friendly team today on 0447 005 708 for more information.

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What is the Future Outlook for Sustainable Mining?

Consequently, Australia’s mining sector is innovating research and development efforts, with our knowledge being exported internationally for worldwide sustainable development goals. Australia remains at the pinnacle of sustainable mining, through procedures that carry out innovative mining extractions supporting community and economic growth. Despite the global economic downturn recently, the demand for mineral resources has remained strong and will continue as nations around the world become more industrialised.

 

Automation is starting to drive the industry, as vehicles, drilling, and ventilation are becoming automated, which will mitigate unnecessary risk and also reduce operational emissions. Moreover, as the world shifts towards a green economy, demand for minerals and metals that support ecological production will soar. Hence, maximising value and minimising waste will set a foundation for mining companies to invest in zero-footprint mines, select the best worksites, and leverage better business acumen to succeed.

Our next generation of engineers and engineering leaders will embrace sustainability, ensuring development will produce less waste, incorporate new technologies, and curb emissions. In accordance with this, solving critical environmental challenges will depend on increased investments in research and the development of new automated technologies down the line.

 

 

Using safer processes and improving environmental responsibility are going to be carried out by the workforce, therefore investments into reskilling and upskilling with new technologies are essential in keeping sustainable mining optimised now and for future generations. In terms of the international outlook, Australia’s environmental management, community focus, and technological innovation have ensured mining will remain sustainable for the future.

 

If you have any questions about mining techniques or have an upcoming mining project, call our friendly team today on 0447 005 708 for more information.

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Steel Fabrication as a Whole

Steel fabricators turn steel sections into useable parts or materials. These professionals often work with steel drafters and detailers. Drafters and detailers are responsible for creating designs and drawings that are passed on to the fabricator.

The fabricator will take these drawings and “bring them to life.”

However, steel fabrication requires an immense amount of skill and expertise because:

• Plans and drawings are filled with fine details necessary for components to work properly
• Multiple tools and techniques are needed to adapt steel to the mine’s needs
• Steel has multiple properties, and the fabricator must master these properties to complete designs

While the mine may need the steel components, they’re not made on-site. It’s the role of the fabricator to ensure that when parts are shipped, they’re precise so that they work with the current systems flawlessly.

If the fabricator doesn’t pay attention to detail or makes a small mistake, this can mean machinery or part failure. The position is one that requires both master craftsmanship as well as a master of reading drawings and plans.

Steel Fabricator Manipulation Techniques

Manipulating steel is a lot more complex than most non-professionals realise. Depending on the part’s purpose, the fabricator may opt to use the following techniques:

• Bending: Bending is a technique that is used to create modern construction equipment. Roll benders are a prime example of a method that allows the fabricator to develop specific arcs and shapes. Press braking may also be used to manufacture long steel pieces that are greater than 12 metres.
• Coating: Corrosion is a major concern with steel and metals. Fabricators use coating techniques that slow or stop corrosion. For example, galvanisation may be placed on the steel as a coating to prevent corrosion and reduce the risk of part failure.
• Cutting: Steel needs to be cut to meet size and shape specifications. Multiple steel cutting techniques may be used to cut the metal properly.
• Shot Blasting: Imperfections in steel can lead to weaker products and even failure. Shot blasting is a technique that removes impurities. The process can also be used to offer a clear finish that’s easier to weld together. For piping and tanks, shot blasting is a leading technique.
• Welding: Fusing parts and components together is an essential duty of a steel fabricator. These professionals are master welders that can create and repair component and system joins so that they can withstand the intense usage in mines.

Mining companies often hire teams of steel fabricators due to the industry’s usage of specialised equipment. The fabricator can help make mines more efficient, and they can also help with everything from platform creation to creating beams and columns and even helping with boiler systems.

The role of a steel fabricator is one of the most important in the mining industry and enables mine operators to remain efficient and operational.

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What is a Boilermaker?

In the mining industry, a boilermaker is responsible for keeping a boiler functioning. Boilers have played an integral role because the steam from the boiler is used to power machinery.

The term “boilermaker” is often used to describe a person who is responsible for:

• Boiler construction
• Boiler repair
• Installation

These professionals may also assist with installing, maintaining, and repairing vats and large tanks used to hold liquid. Metalworking and welding skills are a must-have and allow the boilermaker to confidently repair any issues with their systems.

What Duties Do Boilermakers Fulfill?

Boilermakers are called in whenever there’s an issue with boilers, but their duties go well beyond just repairs. The essential duties of these professionals, both in and outside of mining, include:

• Assembly and installation. If a mine needs to have its boiler installed or assembled, the boilermaker can help. The professional can also help with tank and vat installation. Due to their training, the boilermaker can read blueprints and drawings that outline where the boiler and vats need to be installed.
• Repair. Boilers and their tanks need to be repaired often. The repair may require extensive work, such as removing certain sections of the system and replacing them. Due to the industrial nature of the boiler and its assembly, boilermakers will need to be masters of metalworking and welding to make repairs properly.
• Maintain. A routine maintenance schedule is a key component of the boilermaker’s job. The professional must examine machinery and systems for damage or wear and make appropriate decisions to keep the system running smoothly. Scrubbers and cleaning solvents may be needed to clean out tanks properly.

Workers in this position may need an array of qualifications to fulfill their duties, including but not limited to fabrication trade certificate, construction card, fire certification, MR driver’s license and more.

Workers may or may not need to have their own fabrication tools, and they’re likely going to need to pass a weld test if they plan to be employed in the field.

However, these professionals are just one cog in the mining industry’s operation. For example, a boilermaker may need to work with crane operators and others to get the boiler system in place. Riveting, welding and catapulting parts to join them properly is a joint effort that often requires multiple workers to complete.

Mining remains one of the world’s most intense and integral industries. A boilermaker can find work in mines, but they can also lend their expertise to various other industries, such as manufacturing, working in power plants and even in hospitals.

Professionals in this field may be employed by the mining operators or work with a larger group of boilermakers that travel to install and repair systems.

Work in this field is in high demand, so it’s an excellent opportunity for someone who wants to enter an in-demand field that pays well and offers plenty of cross-industry options.

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When employees work in confined spaces, it’s much harder to avoid and respond to hazards. Entries and exits may be limited, and the area may only be large enough for workers to perform their duties.

Confined spaces training helps workers identify hazards and overcome them to maximise safety and reduce the risk of injury. There are several industries that require this specialised training.

 

 

5 Industries Where Employees Work in Confined Spaces

1. Mining

An estimated 278,800 Australians  work in the mining industry, accounting for 2.1% of the workforce population. But each year, many mining employees are injured or even killed in accidents caused by slides or cave-ins. Confined spaces training and appropriate risk assessment can reduce the threat of these types of accidents.

Why is confined spaces training necessary for this industry?

• Some tunnel areas are considered confined spaces.
• Some mines and tunnels have confined spaces within them, like tanks, bins or water storage dams.
• Mines may have atmospheric hazards like low oxygen levels, vapours, fumes, gases and flammable agents. These hazards can make it more difficult to escape in case of danger.

Confined spaces training is essential for the mining industry for both risk planning and minimising accidents and injuries.

2. Construction

Like mining, construction is one of the country’s biggest employes – and an inherently dangerous industry. In 2018, 24 construction workers died in work-related accidents.

Construction sites often contain confined spaces, such as:

• Crawl spaces
• Trenches
• Drainage pipes
• Tanks
• Manholes

These areas are not designed for continuous occupancy, and it can be difficult to escape if there is an emergency.

Any worker who needs to enter a confined space must undergo confined spaces training in the construction industry. In addition, stand-by personnel and managers or supervisors must receive the same training.

3. Transport and Storage

It may not seem like an obvious industry for confined spaces, but transport and storage does require confined spaces training.

Drivers must understand how to safely transport and store hazardous materials (like combustible gases) while in the confined space of a vehicle. Without the proper training and protocols, these confined spaces can quickly become dangerous.

4. Manufacturing

In some cases, manufacturing employees may be required to perform their duties in confined spaces with limited exits that are not designed for continuous occupation.

Heavy machinery and/or atmospheric hazards can create dangerous conditions for workers.

Confined spaces training can help workers identify hazards, use the appropriate safety equipment and appropriately respond to dangers.

5. Agriculture

In some cases, agricultural work will require employees to perform their duties in confined spaces, such as silos, water tanks or grain storage. These confined areas can pose serious OHS risks, including:

• Poisoning
• Suffocation
• Oxygen deficiency (grain, for example, can absorb oxygen in silos)
• Airborne contaminants
• Carbon monoxide poisoning

Confined spaces training is crucial for the agricultural industry to keep workers safe. Additionally, atmospheric testing and protective equipment should be used to minimise the risk of injury and death.

These five industries require confined spaces training to keep employees safe and minimise the risk of injury or death.

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1. Shakhterskaya in Donbas, Ukraine

Europe’s deepest coal mine is called Shakhterskaya and it’s located in Donbas in Ukraine. The region is famous for its heavy industry, which includes both metallurgy and coal mining. Donbas as a whole is known for its dangerous mines because of their impressive depths.

Shakhterskaya mine is the deepest legal mine and is said to be 1,546 metres deep.

The mine first went into operation in 1986 and still remains in operation today. Additionally, mining’s popularity in Donbas has led to numerous illegal mines with unknown depths and a high risk of injury.

2. Suncun Coal Mine, China

China’s Suncun Coal Mine is said to have a depth of 1,501 metres and is the second deepest coal mine in the world. The mine is located in Xintai City, Shandong Province. However, because mining gets more expensive as it gets deeper, the profitable range of this mine is between 1,100 and 1,200 metres.

3. Komsomol Mine in Vorkuta, Russia

Mine “Komsomol” is the deepest mine in Russia and is located in Vorkuta. The mine’s construction ended in 1976, and in early 1977, it went into operation. Called “Komsomolskaya,” the mine has a depth of 1,200 metres.

However, the mine currently operates at 1,100 metres.

Komsomol made headlines for its high efficiency rating and superb production volumes in 2010. Volumes reached some 80,000 tons at the time. Unfortunately, little information is available on the production levels of the mine today.

4. Balmain Colliery, Australia

Mining in Australia is synonymous with the Balmain Colliery, although the mine stopped producing coal in 1931. With a depth of 800 metres, Balmain Colliery remains the deepest mine in Australia’s history.

The mine first began operation in 1897, and it was mined for coal until 1931.

However, that’s not where the mine’s story ends. The mine, located in New South Wales, went back into operation from 1937 to 1950 when it produced natural gas.

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